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中国翻译行业质量标准【中英对照】【 April 24, 2007 】

中华人民共和国行业标准翻译服务规范 之服务质量标准 (1)
THE INDUSTRIAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA QUALITY STANDARD OF TRANSLATION SERVICE SPECIFICATION (1)


翻译服务企业应以“诚信”和满足用户的需求作为本企业的最高目标。 Translation service provider shall set their final target as “Good Faith” and fully meeting the requirements of the clients. 在此基础上，各翻译服务企业可根据自身情况制订出符合本企业的质量方针和质量目标。 Based on these criteria, the service providers may establish their own quality policies and criteria according to the physical conditions of themselves. 翻译服务企业服务质量标准的范围包括：业务接洽、业务标识、业务流程、质量保证、资料存档、用户反馈、质量跟踪、责任等方面。 The scope of translation quality standard for the translation service provider include: reception, project ID, working flow, quality assurance, documentation and archiving, customer feedback, quality tracing, responsibilities, etc.
3.1 业务接洽 3.1 Business Reception
3.1.1 业务接洽是翻译服务企业的窗口，应在明显的位置摆放本企业（机构）的营业执照、税务登记等相关文件。 3.1.1 Reception is a window of the translation service provider; it is required to show the business license, tax registration certificate or other relative documents where appropriate in an easily-seen place. 业务接洽人员应熟悉本企业（机构）工作流程，服务内容，收费标准，服务周期，企业业绩等诸方面内容。 The reception staff shall be familiar with the working flow, service scope, and translation rates of the company where they are employed, necessary duration for the jobs, as well as the company’s achievements. 业务接洽人员应敬业诚实，着装得体，语言文明，尽可能满足用户的询问和咨询。 They shall serve their clients with sincerity and honesty, wear proper business attire and present themselves in an appropriate manner, professionally answer the questions and consultation from the clients.
3.1.2 业务接洽应分成若干类。 3.1.2 The Business Reception is divided into a few categories. 门市业务接洽过程是充分了解用户意图的过程，要详细记录：用户的全称，联系方式，业务的语种和译成何种文字，译件使用的目的，双方认同的计字方法，约定的收费价格，译制的周期，成品的规格和质量要求，专有和特殊的术语（如果用户提供的话），准确的称谓，（这在公正翻译时尤为重要），预付的译费，原件和/或参考件的页数，译件的标识（在后文中详述）等，记录单上应要求用户签字确认。 The business discussion in the reception room is a process of fully understanding the client’s intention, and therefore it is required to make a detailed record: the fully name of the customer, their contacts, language pair, the purpose of the translation, words counting agreed by both parties, agreed translation rates, time needed for the job, regulations for the finished works and the quality requirements, technical terms (if the client provides them) , the precise titles (very important for notary certificate translation), advance payment, page number of the original document and/or reference document, project ID (described later), the records shall be confirmed by the customer through signature. 大宗或批量业务签定合同或协议书，合同或协议书应包括以下内容： For the large jobs or batch-delivered jobs it is required to sign an agreement by both parties which shall contain the following:
-    用户的全称； - The full name of the customer
-    用户的联系方式（电话、手机、传真、地址、邮编、E-mail等）； - The detailed contacts of the customer (telephone number, cell phone number, fax, address, postal code and email, etc.)
-    约定的翻译内容（语种、项目、周期）； - Agreed contents to be translated (language pair, project, time needed)
-    约定的交件型式； - Agreed type of delivery
-    约定的质量内容； - Agreed quality requirements
-    约定的保密条款； - Agreed confidentiality clauses
-    约定的收费内容（计字方法、分项单价、图表的计字方法等）； - Agreed charge details (word counting, translation rates, surcharges for the charts and images, etc.)
-    约定的付款方式。 - Agreed payment
3.1.3 额外的服务 3.1.3 Additional services
如果用户希望获得额外服务应与翻译服务企业（机构）协商，额外服务有： If the customers expect to obtain additional services, they shall negotiate with the translation service providers (institutes), and such additional services include:
* 为用户编写专业术语； * Glossary documentation
* 图形设计（包括图片、公式、表格）； * Image and charts design (picture, formula, tables)
* 图纸处理（A3#以上大图的填字、缩放等）； * Drawing processing (typing or zooming of A3# - above large drawing)
* 版式加工； * Typeset
* 制作版样，印刷； * Platemaking, printing
* 用非Word的其他软件处理文档。 * Document processing by special software rather than Word
额外服务的收费不含在翻译费内，需另行结算。 The charges for additional services are not included in the translation fee
3.1.4 署名权、著作权 3.1.4 Authorship & Copyright
用户必须向翻译服务企业（机构）明确译文的用途和使用对象，按双方的约定使用译文。 The customer shall clarify the purpose and people to utilize the translation to the service provider (institute), and utilize it as agreed. 无约定的情况下，译文的著作权，人格权中的署名属翻译服务企业（机构）所有。 If no agreement made in advance, then the translation copyright and the authorship shall be deemed as be owned by the service provider (institute).
3.1.5 原文背景和专业术语 3.1.5 Background and technical terms
用户希望使用某种特写的术语，则应为翻译提供相应的资料。 If the customer expect the translation to be written in special technical terms, then they shall provide related reference documents to the translator.
用户必须向翻译提供相关的资料和信息，以在最大程度上支持翻译的工作。 Such documents and information may support the translation process significantly. 提供的资料和支持包括下列各个方面： They include:
* 专业文献； * Literature
* 专业术语； * Glossary
* 难词释义和缩略词汇表； * Term Interpretation and Abbreviation
* 相关的文字； * Reference texts
* 背景文字； * Background texts
* 指定的特殊软件； * Appointed special software
* 参观工厂或现场。 * Factory or site visiting
同时，用户必须为翻译提供有能力回答问题的联系人。 Meanwhile, the customer shall list contact persons who are able to answer the questions which may be raised by the translators.
3.2 业务标识 3.2 Job ID
每份资料应有明确且唯一的标识，该标识应随该资料通过整个译制流程，业务标识应有如下一项或数项内容： Every document shall have an unique ID which is attached to the document in the whole translation flow, the ID includes the following (one or a few):
-    批次； - Batch no.
-    时间； - Duration
-    数量； - Qty.
-    文种； - Language pair
-    用户代码。 - Customer code
标识可用数字、字母或其他方式表示，但不得混淆。 The ID may be presented by figures, letters or other means, but it shall be unique. 标识应具有可追溯性。 The ID shall be traceable .
根据标识可追溯性列用户、译者、校对、审校、编辑、打字、文稿校对、印刷、发运人、存档位置等。 Through ID, the customer, translator(s), checker, proofreader, editor, typist, typing checker, printer, delivered-by and document path are all traceable.
3.3 业务流程 3.3 Translation workflow
业务流程的管理应涵括下列诸方面：译前准备、翻译、审校、专业审校（如果需要的话）、编辑、录入（打字排版）、文稿校对、印刷、质量检验、文档管理。 The management for translation workflow shall cover the following steps: preparation before translation, translation, proofreading, technical proofreading (if necessary), editing, typeset, text checker, printing, quality review, documentation management.
3.3.1 译前准备 3.3.1 Translation Preparation
译前准备人员应详细了解用户的需求，根据用户的需求，编制出译件完成的工序、时间、选择合格的译、校人员； The project manager who is responsible for the translation preparation shall understand the detailed customer requirements, based on which he or she makes reasonable project plan including processes, schedule, qualified translator and proofreaders.
清点整理原件，检查有无、漏、缺页、不清晰处。 Check the source document whether or not there are pages missed or unclear. 如有，应向用户说明，并 要求用户补充提供。 If that happens he or she shall explain to the customer and request whom to supplement. 若用户无法提供清晰的原件，则在原件上用铅笔或其它可去除痕迹的标记注明。 If clear original copy of the document is impossible, the project manager shall use a pencil to mark it.
翻译应使用原件的复印件进行翻译，在任何情况，不得遗失，污毁用户的原件。 The translation shall be based on the copies of the original document, in any case the original document is appropriately saved and shall not be damaged.
3.3.2 翻译 3.3.2 Translation
翻译人员应具有一定资质。 The translator(s) shall be qualified.
翻译人员应熟悉所译资料涉及到的专业内容，备齐相应的工具书，根据用户要求进行翻译。 They are required to be familiar with the technologies involved, have corresponding dictionaries in hand and handle the translation according to the customer requirements. 在翻译过程中，不得缺译、漏译、跳译，对没有把握译准的地方，要加以注明。 During the translation it is forbidden that any part is ignored, either deliberately or without intention, for the texts which are difficult to be precisely translated, clear explanation is required.



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3.3.2.1 翻译必须在翻译前仔细： 3.3.2.1 Before starting to translate, the translator(s) shall
*审阅原文； * Read the source documents carefully;
*审阅自己已掌握的术语； * Find out the glossaries
*审阅用户提供的术语； * Read the glossaries provided by the customer;
*审阅并整理用户提供的资料； * Read and sort the documents provided by the customer;
*进一步查阅单词和专业术语； * Further check the words and technical terms in the dictionaries;
*在保密的情况下与用户解决内容上、专业上和术语上的问题。 * Confidentially discuss with the customer about the problems in the aspects of contents, technology and glossary.
3.3.2.2 译文必须完整地反映原文的内容。 3.3.2.2 The translation shall completely reflect the contents of the source texts.
原文的脚注、附件、表格、清单、报表和图表都要完整地反映在译文中，图表和表格中的文字部分都必须翻译。 The footmarks, attachments, tables, lists, statements and charts in the source documents are all required to be translated in the finished works, the texts in the charts and tables must be translated as well. 用户特别约定的除外。 Except as otherwise provided for by the customer.
3.3.2.3 符号、单位、公式和等式 3.3.2.3 Symbols, units, formula and equation.
符号、单位、公式和等式必须按照译文的通常惯例。 The symbols, units, formulas and equation shall be in accordance with the common expressions of the target language.
3.3.2.4 姓名、自然人的头衔、职业称谓和官衔 3.3.2.4 Name, title of natural person, business titles and official titles
除非是艺术家、历史名人、机构、组织、动物、建筑、产品、文学著作、艺术作品、科学作品、地理名称已有约定俗成的译文名称。 Except for the artist, historical people, institutes, organizations, animals, buildings, products, literatures, arts, scientific works, geographic names which have already had their fixed translation, 在一般情况下，姓名是不允许翻译的：为了便于理解，可在第一次出现时，用括号加注表示。 normally the names are not permitted to be translated – for the purpose of easily understanding, when it appears for the first time in the text the name may be explained with bracketed translation.
头衔、职业、官衔只有译文语言中有明确的相应词时方可译出。 For the titles, only when there is common translation in the target language can they be translated. 为了便于理解，可在第一出现时，用括号加注表示。 Also for easy understanding, when it appears for the first time in the text, the title may be explained with bracketed translation.
3.3.2.5 日期标示 3.3.2.5 Day markings
日期标示按译文语言的习惯标示。 The day markings are in accordance with the common expression in the target language, 一般来讲，采用公历标示。 normally it is Gregorian Calendar.
3.3.2.6 新词 3.3.2.6 New words
只有经过了解，在译文中对一个概念没有约定俗成的叫法，此时，翻译才可以造新词。 If it is assured that there is no commonly agreed translation for a concept in the translation, then we may create a new word, 新词应该被标示出来。 which shall be clearly marked.
3.3.3审校 3.3.3 Proofreading
审校人员应具有一定的资质。 The proofreader(s) shall be qualified.
审校人员应根据原件（复印件）和译稿进行逐字校对，并根据上下文统一专有词汇，对名称、数据、公式、标称单位均需认真校对，一般来讲，原件的英制单位（或其它单位）应心改成公制单位，同时用括号标出原有的英制单位（或其它单位）。 The proofreader shall check the translation word by word according to the source text, and unify the technical terms in the context. The names, numbers, formulas and units are carefully checked in particular. Generally the English or other units in the source text are required to conversed to metric units, additionally, the original English or other units are supplemented after it with a bracket. 审校后的译件应内容准确，行文流畅，语言无过多的生涩之处。 After proofreading the translation shall be precise, fluently expressed, and there are not too much non-smooth expressions. 审校时，应使用与翻译有别的色笔，以示区别。 The proofreader uses a pen with different color to distinguish his or her editing.
审校的内容为： Proofreading covers:
*译文的完整性； * Completeness of the translation;
*内容和术语是否正确，文字功能是否符合需要； * Whether or not the content and technical terms are correct, whether the words function properly or not;
*语法和词法是否正确，语言是否恰当； * If the grammars and wordings are correct, and if the expression is appropriate;
*是否遵守与用户商定的有关译文质量的协议； * If the terms and conditions of translation quality agreement are observed;
*译者的注释是否恰当。 * Whether the notes written by the translator(s) are appropriate;
根据与用户商定的译文用途认定审校的次数； Determine the proofreading times according to the translation purpose agreed with the customer;
作为协议的特别服务，还可以委托有资质的第三方来进行审核。 As a special service, it may be considered that a qualified third party is entrusted to perform further proofreading.
3.3.4 编辑 3.3.4 Editing
编辑人员应具有一定的资质。The editor shall be qualified.
编辑工作主要是根据原件的格式进行再加工的过程，使译件的版面字体符合GB11668-89，译件版面美观、大方、紧凑、图表排列有，与原文相对应，章节完整、编辑时，应使用与翻译审校有别的色笔，以示区别。 The editing is a rework process based on the format of the original copy of document, the fonts of the translation is in accordance with GB11668-89, the layout of the translation is nice, impact and the charts are in the corresponding place of the original copy. The paragraphs are complete. When editing, the color of the pen must differ from the proofreading pen.
3.3.5 录入 3.3.5 Typeset
录入工作人员应对应原件，按审校后的译件，根据编辑的要求和用户商定的软件，逐字录入。 The typesetter must input the translation text with the original copy and the proofread document in hand, according to the editor’s requirements and by the software agreed by the customer. 要求字体规范，无错别字，数据公式准确。 It is required the fonts are normalized, no wrong words and the formulas are correct.
3.3.6 文稿校对 3.3.6 Checking typeset
文稿校对时，应认真填写勘误表，交录入人员更正，并加以验核。 In the course of checking the typeset, the checker shall fill a corrigenda, which is given to the typesetter to correct his or her work, after that the correction is also validated.
3.3.7 质量检验 3.3.7 Quality inspection
质量检验人员应根据原件，译件，打字稿进行最终检验。 The quality inspector checks the final printing copy with the comparison of the original copy and the translation copy. 按照用户的要求，逐一进行检查。 The inspection is performed in accordance with the customer requirements.
3.3.8 印刷品及复印件 3.3.8 Printings and photocopies
印刷品及复印件的质量要求见CY/T13-95. For the quality requirements for the printings and photocopies, please see CY/T13-95.
3.4 质量保证和相应责任 3.4 Quality Assurance and Responsibilities
3.4.1 翻译成品的质量保证期为交件后的6个月内。 3.4.1 The quality guarantee period of the finished translation is six months since the date of delivery.
3.4.2 翻译成品的质量标准见TSS-101、TSS-102、TSS-103、TSS-104、TSS-105。 3.4.2 For the quality standard of the finished translation, please see TSS-101、TSS-102、TSS-103、TSS-104、TSS-105.
3.4.3 在质量保证期内，翻译服务企业逐（机构）对合格的译件存在的少量的错，漏可采取； 3.4.3 During the quality guarantee period, the translation service provider (institute) may perform the following corrections to the mistakes or missed parts which may occur in the translation.
(1)打字件（电子版）免费更正： (1) Correct the e-copy for free;
(2)印刷件免费出勘误表。 (2) For the publishing copy a corrigenda is issued for free.
3.4.4 对由于用户原因出现的修改，不属3.4.3节规定范畴。 3.4.4 If the correction is due to the fault from the customer side, then it is not covered by 3.4.3.
3.4.5 翻译服务企业所提供的译件出现严重质量问题而导致用户无法使用，应相应扣减该部分的翻译费用，在批量译件中扣减相关部分的翻译费用。 3.4.5 If the translation service provider’s translation has serious quality problems and there the customer cannot utilize it, then the corresponding translation fee is deducted. If the translation is part of a batch, then only part of the translation fee is deducted from the whole amount.
3.4.6 翻译服务企业不承担用户任何间接的损失费用。 3.4.6 The translation service provider shall not bear any indirect loss of the customer.
3.4.7 翻译服务企业的译制成品被权威部门判明为不合格产品时，应赔偿用户的损失。 3.4.7 If the finished translation of the service provider is confirmed to be unconformity, then the provider shall compensate the customer for his loss.

好像没完吗，楼主能不能把后面的也贴出来？谢谢！